Understanding Qualifications for Having a Service Dog Under the ADA

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) provides a broad and inclusive definition of “disability,” allowing for great flexibility when it comes to determining eligibility for a service animal. The law does not limit the type of disability for which a service animal can be used, and it recognizes that physical, mental, or emotional issues can all qualify as disabilities. If you face difficulties or limitations in performing important life activities that others can do easily, you may qualify for a service animal.

The ADA’s definition of a disability encompasses a wide range of conditions, and you do not necessarily need a doctor’s excuse or a formal diagnosis to be considered disabled. Certain conditions may only pose challenges during specific times, such as dizziness leading to balance problems, low blood sugar episodes, seizures, panic attacks, stress, or depression, among others.

While it is essential not to exaggerate problems to qualify as disabled, it is clear that being blind or deaf is not the sole criterion for eligibility. Conditions like diabetes, occasional dizziness or balance problems, or hearing difficulties can also qualify for a service animal.

Here is a partial list of disabilities that may qualify for a service animal:

Physical Problems:

1. Asthma (or other breathing problems)
2. Blindness (partial blindness included)
3. Deafness (partial deafness included)
4. Diabetes
5. Dizziness/Balance problems
6. Epilepsy
7. General Hearing Difficulty
8. Mobility Problems
9. Neurological Problems
10. Paralysis
11. Physical Weakness
12. Speech Problems
13. Seizures

Emotional/Mental Problems:

1. Age-Related Cognitive Decline
2. Any Psychiatric Condition (see exclusions below)
3. Autism
4. Depression
5. Dyslexia
6. Bipolar Disorder
7. Emotionally Overwhelmed
8. Panic Attacks
9. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
10. Separation Anxiety
11. Social Phobia
12. Stress Problems

As per the ADA, an individual with a disability is defined as someone who:

• Possesses a physical or mental impairment that significantly restricts one or more major life activities.
• Has a documented history of such an impairment.
• Is perceived as having such an impairment.

The ADA defines a physical impairment as any physiological disorder or condition, cosmetic disfigurement, or anatomical loss affecting specific body systems. A mental impairment, on the other hand, includes mental or psychological disorders such as mental retardation, organic brain syndrome, emotional or mental illness, and specific learning disabilities.

It’s important to note that the ADA does not provide an exhaustive list of all conditions that qualify as physical, mental, or emotional impairments, as there are countless possibilities. However, the law does exclude deviant behavior (e.g., political, religious, or sexual) and conflicts between individuals and society from the definition of mental disorders, unless they are symptoms of a dysfunction in the individual.

If you believe you meet the criteria for having a disability and require a service animal, you can register your service animal with ESAPETS to ensure a smoother experience when traveling and accessing public spaces. Remember that having a service animal can significantly improve the quality of life for individuals facing various challenges, and the ADA is committed to protecting the rights of those who need them.